[..Joseph Andrews By Henry Fielding..]

[..فانيـلا..]

The History of the Adventures of
Joseph Andrews
And of His Friend Mr. Abraham Adams


هي أحد الروايات المختارة في مادة The Rise of the novel
في المستوى الثالث .

بالإضافة إلى Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe وهي الأساسية بهالمادة


The novel draws on a variety of inspirations. Written ‘in imitation of the manner of Cervantes, the author of Don Quixote’ the work owes much of its humour to the techniques of burlesque developed by Cervantes, and its subject-matter to the seemingly loose arrangement of events, digressions and lower-class characters to the genre of writing known as picaresque. In deference to the literary tastes and recurring tropes of the period, it relies on bawdy humour, an impending marriage and a mystery surrounding unknown parentage, but conversely is rich in philosophical digressions, classical erudition and social purpose.


يا كثر ما ذكرت دكتورتنا "دونكي هوتيه " -ينفع كذا اسمه !- لدرجه انه مع الوقت قلت ياربي اقلقنا هذا !

لكن ، "دونكي هوتيه" أصبحت عباره يوصف بها كل بطل روايه بنفس شخصيه "Adams".

الروايه تمثل عدة ثيمات لعل أهمها وأبرزها

Appearance versus reality. Who is truly virtuous, charitable, chaste, knowledgeable, just, etc. and who merely pretends to be and/or has the reputation of being so? Characters say one thing and mean another, or they act at variance with their speech. How, in Fielding's view, can the reader distinguish the person who pretends out of vanity or who is hypocritical from the truly good man/woman?

Abuse of power, by individuals, classes, institutions.

Inhumanity of individuals and society.

Lust versus chastity.

The nature of goodness. Fielding admired honesty, integrity, simplicity, and charity, believed that virtue is seen in an individual's actions, but recognized the difficulty of making moral judgments. How is the reader to judge the postilion who gave Joseph his coat but was later convicted of stealing chickens? or Betty, who is charitable and promiscuous? Nor do good men necessarily have harmonious relationships or understand each other, as is seen in Adam's interactions with the Catholic priest and the innkeeper previously hoodwinked by the "generous gentleman."

Charity. (This theme is related to the issue of faith versus works.)

Vanity. Are there degrees or kinds of vanity? The vanity of a Leonora is destructive, but what is the effect of Adams's vanity (his pride in his worldly knowledge derived from books, his pride in his sermons, and his pride in his excellence as a teacher)?

City living versus living in retirement in the country. This was a common theme in eighteenth century literature, as it had been in classical Roman literature. Wilson's story contrasts the useless, aimless, destructive life of London with the idyllic, simple pleasures of living in the country.

تمنيت اني منزله الموضوع اول ماخلصت من الماده .

عمومآ القصه تتكلم عن العفه ،ونشوف كيف "جوزيف" حاول يصد كل المحاولات لـ لإغرائه من قبل النساء في الروايه .

"عمل الخير " ، شفنا كيف ادم يقدم الخير للكل ، ويعطي ولا يهمه نفسه . وشفنا كيف الفقير ساعد جوزيف لما سرقوه الحراميه وعروه ، ولا كان فيه احد راضي يعطيه لبس غير سواق العربيه .
بينما كانوا الهاي كلاس بالعربيه ما يبونه ، وكلن كان ما يبي يتورط ! ، وكلن فكر بنفسه وبمصلحته ، اللي خايف يتورط مع القانون ، واللي خايف الحراميه يسرقونه ، وصاحب العرابيه خايف على أجرته واللي خايفه ينقال عنها انها راكبه مع واحد عاري ! ،يعني كل واحد منهم يفكر بنفسه

(حلقة الستيج كوتش مره مهمه) ، تستلخصي منها اشياء كثيره .

"النظام القضائي " ، اتهام (فاني و ادم ) زورآ ولما جا (مستر بوبي) وبواسطته انقذهم !! .

"المدينه و القريه " ، جوزيف نفسه عمل لنا تفريقه بين الاثنين والحياة فيهم ، كيف الألفه و المحبه في القريه ، بينما بالمدينه ما يعرفون بعض .


"النفاق" ، منافقين ، فيه رجال الدين اللي بالروايه ، يتكلمون بالدين ولا يعملون فيه ، يعرفون الخير ! ، ولا يعملون فيه .

"

عمومآ هذا "تلخيص" للروايه . ، يعطيكم فكره سريعه عنها قبل ما تدرسونها ..

وإن شاء الله بـ أدعم الموضوع بـ مقالات ،

لأن الروايه هذي السيرش بالنت لها مره قليـــل ، طلبت كتب من برا ، وأشتريت الفيديو تبعها .

"و ايميرسون برضو ما قصر معي بجوزيف اندروس الله يعطيه العافيه "

الفيديو مره مره نفس الروايه ، ونفس الاحداث ونفس المهم ، كثير مدحوه انه أفضل فلم عكس روايه .

لكن الفلم وش تتوقعون منه ، اذا كل الروايه عن الإغراء ! و العفه ! ، وقلة الأدب .

عمومآ انا بحاول أقطع الفيديو ، عشان المستقبل لو احد احتاجه ، او خليته بمحل فيديو ..


- لقراءة الرواية -

[..فانيـلا..]

Plot summary

- Book 1 -

The novel begins with the affable, intrusive narrator outlining the nature of our hero. Joseph Andrews is the brother of Richardson’s Pamela and is of the same rustic parentage and patchy ancestry. At the age of ten years he found himself tending to animals as an apprentice to Sir Thomas Booby. It was in proving his worth as a horseman that he first caught the eye of Sir Thomas’s wife, Lady Booby, who employed him (now seventeen) as her footman.

After the death of Sir Thomas, Joseph finds that his Lady’s affections have redoubled as she offers herself to him in her chamber while on a trip to London. In a scene analogous to many of Pamela’s refusals of Mr B in Richardson’s novel, however, Lady Booby finds that Joseph’s Christian commitment to chastity before marriage is unwavering. After suffering the Lady’s fury, Joseph dispatches a letter to his sister very much typical of Pamela’s anguished missives in her own novel. The Lady calls him once again to her chamber and makes one last withering attempt at seduction before dismissing him from both his job and his lodgings.

With Joseph setting out from London by moonlight, the narrator introduces the reader to the heroine of the novel, Fanny Goodwill. A poor illiterate girl of ‘extraordinary beauty’ (now living with a farmer close to Lady Booby’s parish, she and Joseph had grown ever closer since their childhood, before their local parson and mentor, Abraham Adams, recommended that they postpone marriage until they have the means to live comfortably.

On his way to see Fanny, Joseph is mugged and laid up in a nearby inn where, by dint of circumstance, he is reconciled with Adams, who is on his way to London to sell three volumes of his sermons. The thief, too, is found and brought to the inn (only to escape later that night), and Joseph is reunited with his possessions. Adams and Joseph catch up with each other, and the parson, in spite of his own poverty, offers his last 9s 3½d to Joseph’s disposal.

Joseph and Adams’ stay in the inn is capped by one of the many burlesque, slapstick digressions in the novel. Betty, the inn’s 21-year-old chambermaid, had taken a liking to Joseph since he arrived; a liking doomed to inevitable disappointment by Joseph’s constancy to Fanny. The landlord, Mr Tow-wouse, had always admired Betty and saw this disappointment as an opportunity to take advantage. Locked in an embrace, they are discovered by the choleric Mrs Tow-wouse, who chases the maid through the house before Adams is forced to restrain her. With the landlord promising not to transgress again, his lady allows him to make his peace at the cost of ‘quietly and contentedly bearing to be reminded of his transgressions, as a kind of penance, once or twice a day, during the residue of his life’

[..فانيـلا..]

- Book 2 -

During his stay in the inn, Adams’ hopes for his sermons were mocked in a discussion with a travelling bookseller and another parson. Nevertheless, Adams remains resolved to continue his journey to London until it is revealed that his wife, deciding that he would be more in need of shirts than sermons on his journey, has neglected to pack them. The pair thus decide to return to the parson’s parish: Joseph in search of Fanny, and Adams in search of his sermons.
With Joseph following on horseback, Adams finds himself sharing a stagecoach with an anonymous lady and Madam Slipslop, an admirer of Joseph’s and a servant of Lady Booby. When they pass the house of a teenage girl named Leonora, the anonymous lady is reminded of a story and begins one of the novel’s three interpolated tales, ‘The History of Leonora, or the Unfortunate Jilt’. The story of Leonora continues for a number of chapters, punctuated by the questions and interruptions of the other passengers.

After stopping at an inn, Adams relinquishes his seat to Joseph and, forgetting his horse, embarks ahead on foot. Finding himself some time ahead of his friend, Adams rests by the side of the road where he becomes so engaged in conversation with a fellow traveller that he misses the stagecoach as it passes. As the night falls and Adams and the stranger discourse on courage and duty, a shriek is heard. The stranger, having seconds earlier lauded the virtues of bravery and chivalry, makes his excuses and flees the scene without turning back. Adams, however, rushes to the girl’s aid and after a mock-epic struggle knocks her attacker unconscious. In spite of Adams’ good intentions, he and the girl, who reveals herself to be none other than Fanny Goodwill (in search of Joseph after hearing of his mugging), find themselves accused of assault and robbery.

After some comic litigious wrangling before the local magistrate, the pair are eventually released and depart shortly after midnight in search of Joseph. They do not have to walk far before a storm forces them into the same inn that Joseph and Slipslop have chosen for the night. Slipslop, her jealousy ignited by seeing the two lovers reunited, departs angrily. When Adams, Joseph and Fanny come to leave the following morning, they find their departure delayed by an inability to settle the bill, and, with Adams’ solicitations of a loan from the local parson and his wealthy parishioners failing, it falls on a local pedlar to rescue the trio by loaning them his last 6s 6d.

The solicitations of charity that Adams is forced to make, and the complications which surround their stay in the parish, bring him into contact with many local squires, gentlemen and parsons, and much of the latter portion of Book II is occupied with the discussions of literature, religion, philosophy and trade which result.

[..فانيـلا..]

- Book 3 -

The three depart the inn by night, and it is not long before Fanny needs to rest. With the party silent, they overhear approaching voices agree on ‘the murder of any one they meet’ , and flee to a local house. Inviting them in, the owner, Mr Wilson, informs them that the gang of supposed murderers were in fact sheep-stealers, intent more on the killing of livestock than of Adams and his friends. The party being settled, Wilson begins the novel’s most lengthy interpolated tale by recounting his life story; a story which bears a notable resemblance to Fielding’s own young adulthood.


At the age of 16, Wilson’s father died and left him a modest fortune. Finding himself the master of his own destiny, he left school and travelled to London where he soon acquainted himself with the dress, manners and reputation for womanising necessary to consider himself a ‘beau’. Wilson’s life in the town is a façade: he writes love-letters to himself, obtains his fine clothes on credit and is concerned more with being seen at the theatre than with watching the play. After two bad experiences with women, he is financially crippled and, much like Fielding himself, falls into the company of a group of Deists, freethinkers and gamblers. Finding himself in debt, he turns to the writing of plays and hack journalism to alleviate his financial burden (again, much like the author himself). He spends his last few pence on a lottery ticket but, with no reliable income, is soon forced to exchange it for food. While in jail for his debts, news reaches him that the ticket he gave away has won a £3,000 prize. His disappointment is short-lived, however, as the daughter of the winner hears of his plight, pays off his debts, and, after a brief courtship, agrees to become his wife.

Wilson had found himself at the mercy of many of the social ills that Fielding had written about in his journalism: the over-saturated and abused literary market, the exploitative state lottery, and regressive laws which sanctioned imprisonment for small debts. Having seen the corrupting influence of wealth and the town, he retires with his new wife to the rural solitude in which Adams, Fanny and Joseph now find them. The only break in his contentment, and one which will turn out to be significant to the plot, was the kidnapping of his eldest son, whom he has not seen since.

Wilson promises to visit Adams when he passes through his parish, and after another mock-epic battle on the road, this time with a party of hunting dogs, the trio proceed to the house of a local squire, where Fielding illustrates another contemporary social ill by having Adams subjected to a humiliating roasting. Enraged, the three depart to the nearest inn to find that, while at the squire’s house, they had been robbed of their last half-guinea. To compound their misery, the squire has Adams and Joseph accused of kidnapping Fanny, in order to have them detained while he orders the abduction of the girl himself. She is rescued in transit, however, by Lady Booby’s steward, Peter Pounce, and all four of them complete the remainder of the journey to Booby Hall together.

[..فانيـلا..]

- Book 4 -

On seeing Joseph arrive back in the parish, a jealous Lady Booby meanders through emotions as diverse as rage, pity, hatred, pride and love. The next morning Joseph and Fanny’s banns are published and the Lady turns her anger onto Parson Adams, who is accommodating Fanny at his house. Finding herself powerless either to stop the marriage or to expel them from the parish, she enlists the help of Lawyer Scout, who brings a spurious charge of larceny against Joseph and Fanny in order to prevent, or at least postpone, the wedding.

Three days later, the Lady’s plans are foiled by the visit of her nephew, Mr Booby, and a surprise guest: Booby has married Pamela, granting Joseph a powerful new ally and brother-in-law. What is more, Booby is an acquaintance of the justice presiding over Joseph and Fanny’s trial, and instead of Bridewell, has them committed to his own custody. Knowing of his sister’s antipathy to the two lovers, Booby offers to reunite Joseph with his sister and take him and Fanny into his own parish and his own family.

In a discourse with Joseph on stoicism and fatalism, Adams instructs his friend to submit to the will of God and control his passions, even in the face of overwhelming tragedy. In the kind of cruel juxtaposition usually reserved for Fielding’s less savoury characters, Adams is informed that his youngest son, Dick, has drowned. After indulging his grief in a manner contrary to his lecture a few minutes previously, Adams is informed that the report was premature, and that his son had in fact been rescued by the same pedlar that loaned him his last few shillings in Book 2.

Lady Booby, in a last-ditch attempt to sabotage the marriage, brings a young beau named Didapper to Adams’ house to seduce Fanny. Didapper is a little too bold in his approach and provokes Joseph into a fight. The Lady and the beau depart in disgust, but the pedlar, having seen the Lady, is compelled to relate a tale. The pedlar had met his wife while in the army, and she died young. While on her death bed, she confessed that she once stole an exquisitely beautiful baby girl from a family named Andrews, and sold her on to Sir Thomas Booby, thus raising the possibility that Fanny may in fact be Joseph’s sister. The company is shocked, but there is general relief that the crime of incest may have been narrowly averted.

The following morning, Joseph and Pamela’s parents arrive, and, together with the pedlar and Adams, they piece together the question of Fanny’s parentage. The Andrews identify her as their lost daughter, but have a twist to add to the tale: when Fanny was an infant, she was indeed stolen from her parents, but the thieves left behind a sickly infant Joseph in return, who was raised as their own. It is immediately apparent that Joseph is the abovementioned kidnapped son of Wilson, and when Wilson arrives on his promised visit, he identifies Joseph by a birthmark on his chest. Joseph is now the son of a respected gentleman, Fanny an in-law of the Booby family, and the couple no longer suspected of being siblings. Two days later they are married by Adams in a humble ceremony, and the narrator, after bringing the story to a close, and in a disparaging allusion to Richardson, assures the reader that there will be no sequel.

الـ summary مقتبس من موقع wiki

[..فانيـلا..]

-List of characters-


الروايه مليــــااانه شخصيات ، كانت فرق عن روبنسون اللي مافيها الا 4 شخصيات تقريبآ

Joseph Ansrews :: A handsome young fellow who battles for his virginity throughout the novel .

Lady Booby :: A hot-blooded young widow who tries every way possible to seduce Joseph .

Mr.Abraham Adams:: A charitable curate .

Fanny Goodwill :: A beautiful young country girl , Joseph's beloved .

Mrs.Slipslop:: A repulsive servant woman who also pursues Joseph .

Sir.Thomas Booby:: The deceased husband of Lady Booby.

Mr.Booby:: The nephew of sir Thomas Booby.


Gaffar and Gammar Ansrews::Parents of Pamela and, it is believed, of Joseph.

Peter pounce:: The steward of Lady Booby .

The Wilsons::The real parents of Joseph Andrews .

The pedlar(peddler):: The man who reveals the secret of Joseph's parentage .

lawyer Scout :: An unscrupulous lawyer .

Mr.Tow-wouse:: A bumbling , good-natured innkeeper.

Mrs.Tow-wouse:: The greedy wife of the innkeeper .

Postillion:: A generous fellow who offers Joseph an overcoat to cover his nakedness .

Betty::A warm-hearted chambermaid .

Lady Tille And Lady Tattle::Two gossips .

Plain Tim ::A good-hearted host .

Barnabas:: A punch-drinking clergymen .

Tom Suckbribe:: The constable .

Leonora:: A silly young girl who loses tow lovers because of her vacillations .

Horatio::A suitor who has no money but much love for Leonora .

Bellarmine::A suitor who has little love for Leonora but who hopes to inherit her father's fortune .

Lindamira :: A gossip .

Mrs.Grave-airs :: A prude .

Parson Trulliber:: A hypocritical country parson .

Lawyer Scout:: An unscrupulous lawyer .

Mrs.Adams:: Parson Adams disagreeable wife .

[..فانيـلا..]

جوزيف اندروز مقتبس من عدة كتب بالفكره و الأسلوب

Joseph Andrews in relation to three other books:

((1))
The Bible

(1)
significance of names (Joseph, Abraham).
اسمائهم (يوسف و ادم)
(2)
parabolic method - and allusions to parables (Good Samaritan (الصديق الوفي),
Gadarene swine [Trulliber]).

the influence of the east in the novel of Joseph Andrews is huge although the narrator tell us that Joseph has come from England . Joseph characteristics in the novel resemble the characteristics of east man not west man. such as the black hair and eyes .Symbolically there is a linking between Joseph's character in the novel and prophet Yoosef(peace be upon him ) , the linking is the virtue and the great handsomeness .Also , there is a linking between Abraham Adams'character and prophet's father Ibrahim . Abraham Adams is the spirtitual father of all the sons of the parish and Ibrahim is the spiritual father of all prophets.Moreover , there is an explicit linking between lady Boovy's character and the Aziz's wife . Bith of theme are mistresses .They are Fond of Joseph (yousef) and they are unstable emotionally .In addition , they tries to seduce Joseph although they are married or socialized . they are unfaithful women . All these evidences refer to Jpseph fact and he is a historical fact.

((2))
Cervantes, Don Quixote
التشابه بين روايتي "دونكي هوتيه" و "جوزيف اندروز:
(1)
episodic structure, held together by:
(a) main characters.
(b) general themes.
(c) narrative voice.

(2)
irony and parody, especially through:

(1)
the innocence of the heroes (Don Quixote and Parson Adams).
(2)
attractiveness of the heroes contrasted with most other
characters.
(3)
dual heroes: Don + Sancho = Adams + Joseph (also found in
other novels, e.g., Tom Jones, The Bride of Lammermoor).
Useful for debating issues, varying illustrations, broadening
scope (since Joseph young, Adams older man with family, etc.).

Parody in Don Quixote not only debunks but also questions ways of
seeing or apprehending the world (cf. A Sentimental Journey, Sense
and Sensibility).

((3))
Pamela

Contrast with Joseph Andrews in terms of form, plot and characterisation,
leading to contrast of morality; Fielding's dissatisfaction with 'virtue
rewarded'. He shows virtue in peril and despised, not rewarded in worldly
terms much at all, and it may not even be much comfort (Book 3, ch. 11)

[..فانيـلا..]

- characterstic -

It is the active virtue in Adams' case, it is flawed by just the right amount of vanity and inconsistency of Adams, Joseph, and Fanny that redeems this book from the flock of hypocrites that peoples its pages. Indeed, Fielding explains in his preface that he has made Adams a clergyman "since no other office could have given him so many opportunities of displaying his worthy inclinations.' It is important we realize that despite Joseph and Fanny remaining types, as do all the other characters, Adams emerges as an individual. He is a positive force not only as a clergyman who puts his principles of charity into practice, but as a man who applies himself to Aeschylus for comfort, as well as to his pipe and ale, manages to confront the physical obstacles of the world in the most awkward ways, prides himself rather too much as a teacher of Latin and as a writer of sermons, and takes people absolutely at face value. He not only fits into the positive side of Fielding's comic pattern, but emerges as a "round" and fully developed character who reinforces his goodness by his humanity.

The other characters are "flat"; they are types, rather than individuals, and are depicted by an emphasis on a single characteristic; greediness sums up Mrs. Tow-wouse, while Mrs. Slip-slop comes to life through her malapropisms. "I describe not men, but manners; not an individual, but a species," Fielding states in Book III, Chapter 1; portraying people as types enables him to include them more easily in his comic visions; we can more easily survey the eccentricities of the rest of the species, using our detachment (Adams' detachment) to place and criticize them.

There are two important points to be made about Fielding's method of characterization. First, when asked about the province of the novel as a genre, most people would probably reply in terms of "the real, the actual, and the everyday." Consider what Fielding does. All of the characters in Joseph Andrews, with one exception, reveal themselves in a realistic and vividly portrayed setting. The exception, of course, is Parson Adams, who exists in the same world, but does not relate to it and, in this way, he becomes a positive force. It is the task of the novelist to convey the actual flavor of life, but there is a place for idealism as well as realism. Just as Fielding's control gives an order to the fragments of real life, so Adams' naivete and innocence add an extra dimension to the strong sense of actuality conveyed in Joseph Andrews.

The second point concerns the idea of appearance. In real life we must always judge people by externals; the novel, however, offers an extra dimension. In the novel, we can penetrate the facades and see what people are really thinking, whereas in real life we have only the evidence of their words and actions. This is not a process in which Fielding indulges himself, however; his dramatic instinct often has his characters confront each other in much the same way that they might in real life. The characters may be deceived by or mistaken about each other, but the theme of appearance versus reality is communicated to the reader. Fielding clearly shows us how difficult it is to penetrate through the trappings to the heart of man.

[..فانيـلا..]

- charity -

the contrast between the greedy Peter Pounce who strips Joseph of his livery and the genrouse servant who provides Joseph with a frock and breeches .


Joseph find warmth and humanity Neither Betty the maid nor Mr.tow-wouse are perfect creature , but their kindness to Joseph contrasts strongly with the behavior of the surgeon and with Mrs.tow-wouse outrage .


Baranabs and the surgeon concern only for the advertisment of their own assumed abilities rather than for public justice .


Trulliber does nothing to help Adams he claim to know what charity is while it is only the poor peddler who knows the true charity as with the postillion who offers his greatcoat to the naked Joseph , socitey has not been kind to this truly compassionate man .

[..فانيـلا..]

- Preface -

The title of the page of Joseph Andrews makes it clear that th novel is based on the romance entitled Don Quixote written by cervantes .The similarty between the 2 work emphasizes in the character of Don and Adam noth of them are inpractical idealists .The Don is living in his dream of eorld romantic finding and definding virtue while Adams is living in the world of the bible and greek philosph . both of them are always absent minded and always falling into troubles also they both are good character .
But where as Don Quixote is serious romance ,Joseph Andrews is comic romance or comic epic in prose as fielding defines the form of his novel in the preface .Felding says that while both the epics and the romances are long works of imaginative experiences , many character of the high rank and elevated language ,Joseph Andrews is a long work of real experience , characters of the low rank and very sinple language .Moreover , unlike the seriouse epics and romances Joseph Andrews is written in prose rather than poetry it's also comic and not serious .By comic Fileding means that his novel is a realistic mirror of the socity at that time .Human nature is the subject of this novel and the assertion of human reclism is the main focus .In other words , Felding is presenting his novel inorder to attack all the unrealistic and dangerous attitude of Don Quixote , Pamela and other .

The Preface defines the content of the novel . The Novel is a satire of the vices of the 18th century English society . The satric thesis of the novel is presented in the conflict between morality and hypocrisy Feilding aim is to reveal affecations or false pretence which usually come from vanity and hypocrisy .
He does that by portraying the rediculous by putting his character into funny situation where the reders are supposed to laugh at the funny diffrence between appearance and reality.

- Note -

-Written in imitation of the Manner of Cervantes, Author of Don Quixote.
- in the preface as a comic epic poem in prose.
-Parson Adams is indeed a truly Quixotic figure and the structure of the book also follows Cervantes. Joseph Andrews is a novel of adventures met while travelling on the road. Joseph loses his employment in Lady Booby’s service in London for refusing her attempts to seduce him as well as those of her maid Mrs. Slipslop. On his way home to the country to his sweetheart Fanny, he meets Parson Adams, whose teaching had so fortified his virtue, walking to London in the hope of getting his sermons published; but Adams has forgotten to bring his sermons with him and so returns with Joseph. Together they run all kinds of adventures meeting a host of characters from low and middle-class layers of society: innkeepers, chambermaids, country squires and clergymen.
-There is also a number of similarities not just in manner but in incident as well, among which we could mention the night adventure in the inn involving Don Quixote, Maritornes and the mule driver with the confusion in Mrs. Slipslop’s bedchamber; Maritornes’ charity with Sancho with that of Betty.
-Characters and plot mutually function to illustrate the dominant thematic motifs of the novel, namely the exposure of vanity and hypocrisy in society and the recommendation of their antithetical virtues, charity and chastity, and the classical ideal of life.

-in Joseph Andrews in particular. For methods of planning, developing and unfolding his plots and presenting his characters, Fielding turned to the drama. He is particularly indebted to the comedy of manners, the light, gay, and burlesque Restoration Comedy

-In his preface to Joseph Andrews Fielding declares his satirical purpose. ‘The ridiculous only (...) falls within my province in the present work’, he says, proceeding to explain the term and how often it has been mistaken. ‘The only source of the true Ridiculous’, he goes on, ‘is affectation... Now, affectation proceeds from one of these two causes, vanity or hypocrisy.


-The comic romance, Fielding tells us in his Preface, differs from the serious one in that its fable and action are ridiculous, its characters are sometimes of inferior rank and manners and its sentiments and diction are ludicrous..

-Fielding himself, in the preface, explains that he has written “a comic epic poem in prose,” with a “light and ridiculous” fable instead of a “grave and solemn” one, ludicrous sentiments instead of sublime and characters of inferior instead of superior rank.

- -Until Joseph Andrews came out, that life had never been exhibited in England with so much sense of character, so clear an insight into motives, so keen an interest. What the book owes to Cervantes is its form, in which the loosely-knit plot follows the travels and adventures of Adams, Andrews and Fanny.

[..فانيـلا..]

- Form -

Joseph Andrews is a picaresque novel of the road; the title page tells us that it was "Written in Imitation of the Manner of CERVANTES, Author of Don Quixote." Despite its looseness of construction, however, Joseph Andrews does make a deliberate move from the confusion and hypocrisy of London to the open sincerity of the country; one might perhaps apply Fielding's own words in a review he wrote of Charlotte Lennox's The Female Quixote: "...here is a regular story, which, though possibly it is not pursued with that epic regularity which would give it the name of an action, comes nearer to that perfection than the loose unconnected adventures in Don Quixote; of which you may transverse the order as you please, without an injury to the whole."

This journey is undertaken in more than a simply geographical sense. Fielding takes his characters through a series of confusing episodes, finally aligning them with their correct partners in an improved social setting, from which the most recalcitrant characters are excluded; the characters, for the most part, have all measured and achieved a greater degree of self-knowledge. Thus the marriage of Fanny to a more experienced Joseph takes place in an ideal setting--the country--and is facilitated by the generosity of an enlightened Mr. Booby. Lady Booby, unchanged and unreformed, returns to London, excluding herself from the society which Fielding has reshaped.

It is often the business of comedy to correct excess, and Fielding has not spared the devious practices of a lawyer Scout, or the boorish greed of a Parson Trulliber. But his comedy includes a sense of delight, and the order into which he molds Joseph Andrews is a positive affirmation of the qualities of love, charity, and sincerity, expressed by Adams, Joseph, and Fanny.

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- Comedy -

the idea of male chatity seems particularly comic . Joseph is very funny in his passionate defenses of his virtue against the attempts of lady booby , Mrs Slip-sloop and betty the idea of man refusing a women is not acceptable in male controlled society where men are free to do whatever they want . yet , Fielding is not against male chastity but he makes Joseph very funny to



comedy is emphasized by Slip-slop's manner of speaking .
-The two heroes of Joseph Andrews are more than merely comic characters; more than a prudish young footman and a naive parson. They embody the essential virtues of the good man: chastity, and generosity and good nature. The careers of Joseph Andrews and Abraham Adams comprise brilliantly comic analogues to those of their biblical namesakes. The use of biblical analogues is surprisingly subtle contributing to the mock-heroic character of the .


-It is easy to laugh with Fielding at his Hogarthian gallery of vain and hypocritical innkeepers, squires, justices parsons, beaux and coquettes; but as the theory of the Ridiculous implies, Fielding’s laughter is corrective., and his laughter is usually sympathetic.

-Although he respects and admires the virtues of Parson Adams he makes him a laughable figure and even his kindness and honesty, the subject of gentle sympathetic laughter. Similarly he makes Joseph’s virtue amusing and Lady Booby’s amorousness ridiculous. Even when Joseph is stripped naked by thieves and left dying in a ditch he makes his plight ludicrous as he describes the rescue by the party in the stage-coach..

-Fielding’s purpose of laughing vice out of the world.

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- The journey -

Fielding employs the journey of his protagonist as a metaphor for the journey of life. In other word he is metaphorically traveling on a journey that will change his life and start something new for him. his life with Fanny. and that He is a different person from when he sets out and when he arrives, as it is for all people when on their own journey of life

Joseph Andrews does make a deliberate move from the confusion and hypocrisy of London to the open sincerity of the country. As he state "a bad place where there is so little good fellowship , that the next door neighbors don't know one another" .
Fielding uses the device of the journey to represent the theme of City living versus living in retirement in the country. This was a common theme in eighteenth century literature, Joseph Andrews contrasts the useless, aimless, destructive life of London with the idyllic, simple pleasures of living in the country.

This journey is undertaken in more than simply geographical sense . Fielding takes his characters through a series of confusing episodes , finally aligning them with their correct partners in an improved social setting , from which the most recalcitrant characters are excluded; the characters , for the most part , have all measured and achieved a greater degree of self-knowledge . thus marriage of Fanny to a more experienced Joseph takes place in an ideal setting – the country- and is facilitated by the generosity of an enlightened Mr. Booby .


In addition, Fielding use the device of the journey tells us about England Society at that time . The judicial system at England society was corrupt . Most of the people at that time are hypocrite . They care for money . they don't know what the meaning of humanity . For Example ,At the beginning of the journey when Joseph stripped and robbed by two thieves , the stagecoach episode recalls the parable of the good Samaritan and underscores Fielding's theme of charity .While Joseph shows concern for the clothes he borrowed , only one of the travelers display any real compassion for Joseph's naked and battered state . The coachman thinks of his schedule and his fare ,the lady shock at the thought of a naked man , the old gentleman wants to make haste to avoid being robbed himself , and the lawyer is worried only by the possible legal repercussions . these are all types of selfishness and ingratitude . Only the postillion feels truly compassionate , the other travelers are selfish and hypocritical . Also The clergymen in the novel are not really religious men except Abraham Adams . They don't know anything about justice . In addition , they don't care about justice , they care about money and mirth . Also , they prefer the rich to the poor , all this evidences are example of social criticisms .


Moreover, we see the hero in the first two books is Abraham Adams because Joseph is still young and needs somebody to guide him and teach him like Adams .As his experiences accumulate He becomes the hero because he becomes a wiser and better man and a more credible vehicle for Fielding's moral interests, not because his nature changes but because he learns to handle circumstance with less pomposity and more grace. His maturity develops gradually, through the journey.

However , the journey end when Joseph and Fanny settle in the country , the movement away from the town is complete ; indeed the social order is re-aligned in a manner typical of a Shakespearian comedy , where people find their true natures and their destiny after much confusion and wandering .The same sense of destiny has guided Joseph after his dismissal from lady booby's household to his true home and identity ,

الحقوق محفوظة لـ جيجي

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اسئلة الاختبارات الشهرية ( قسم الطلاب )

write on one of the following topic :-

1) The significance of the Eastern background in Book 1 of Joseph Andrews .

2) Discuss Joseph Andrews as Novel of Social criticism .

3) Discuss the theme of virtue in Joseph Andrews .

4) Discuss the status of women in Joseph Andrews .

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1) Abraham Adam is "a gret scholar "yet, he is ignorant of "the ways of the world "Discuss .

2) Joseph Andrews could be conceived as a treatise on social criticism , Discuss .

3) Discuss humor in Joseph Andrews .

4) Discuss the theme of virtue in Joseph Andrews .

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1) In what sense are Lady Booby and Mrs.Slipslop alike ? In what sense are they different ?

2) Explain how did Joseph maintain his virtue in Books 1-3 of Joseph Andrews?

3) The narrator of Joseph Andrews describe Abraham Adams as a "great scholar"and at the same time a man "ignorant of the ways of the world "Discuss .

4) Discuss Mr.Wilson's character .

5) Are there indications of Joseph's maturity on Book 3 ?

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1) Joseph Andrews could be conceived as a treatise on social criticsim . Discuss .

2) Joseph Andrews as a novel on the clash between idealism and realism .

3) Status of clergy in the novel .

4) Joseph Andrews as a firy tale .

5) Do you agree that Abraham Adams is the protagonist of the first two books of the novel ? Discuss .

6) Discuss Joseph's and Abraham Adams'characters .

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1) Discuss Mrs.Booby plans to win Joseph over in book 4 .

2) who is the real protagonist in book3 and 4 ? why ?

3) what is the significance of the peddler's role in the novel ?

4) Is Abraham Adams in book 3 and 4 still "ignorant of the ways of the wolrd "discuss .

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1) Discuss the condition of servants in books 1 and 2 .

2) what are some of the attitudes toward women in books 1 and 2 of the novel ?

3) How much do people believe in modesty and virtue in Joseph Andrews ?

4) Explain hoe did Joseph maintain his virtue in book 1 ?

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والشكر موصول الى R.w.Emersn

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